Effect of Electrolytic Water (Ionized Water) Intake on Lifespan of Autoimmune Disease Prone Mice

Research from Texas University

Recent studies on electrolyzed water indicate that anode or acidic water is most effective as disinfectants; whereas, reduced or alkaline water processed through cathode is used as safe drinking water. The present drinking water study was undertaken in two strains of autoimmune disease prone mice to establish the spontaneous disease process and longevity. Weanling MRL/lpr and NZBxNZW [B/W] F1 female mice were provided daily with (1) tap water [pH ~7.5, oxygen reduction potential (ORP)~600+] (2) electrolyzed water with pH of ~9.0 and ORP ~400- and (3) hyper-reduced water with pH~10.0 and ORP~600-. Mice were provided H2O and chow diet ad libitum and weekly body weights and spontaneous deaths were recorded. The mean survival data recorded as days for MRL/lpr mice [25 mice/group] is as follows: (1) tap water 235±25, (2) reduced water 287±40 and (3) hyper-reduced water 346±45 days [<0.05]. In the case of B/W mice [25 mice/group], (1) tap water 269±16, (2) reduced water 298±19 and (3) hyper-reduced 302±18 days. A significantly decreased (<0.05) serum lipid peroxides were observed in mice fed hyper-reduced H2O. Also, the source of water did not alter lymphocyte subsets or their response to mitogens. In summary, hyper-reduced water with pH~10.0 appears to inhibit autoimmune disease of MRL/lpr mice whereas only a modest increased lifespan was noted for B/W mice. The increased lifespan by electrolyzed H2O appears to be related to the changes in free radicals and antioxidant enzyme levels. [Supported in part by Zanix Co. and Mr. Waterman Co., Tokyo, Japan].

Water Electrolytic Reactions
Properties
Characteristics
Cathode Water

H2O ----> H+ + OH-

2H+ ----> 2e- ----> H+

20 ~ 30% increase of alkaline minerals in relation to the raw water.

water is alkaline
high permeability
high solubility
high heat and electrical conductivity

Anode Water

H2O ----> H+ + OH-

4OH- -- 4e- --> 2H2O + O2

20 ~ 30% increase of chlorine ions in relation to the raw water.

water is acid
has a bleaching effect
has a disinfectant effect
has an astringent effect

Experimental Design

MRL/lpr NZB x NZW F1
Water

Tap water (pH 7.5)
Reduced water (pH 9.0)
Hyper-reduced water (pH 10.0)

Measurements

Survival
Immune parameters
Hydrogen peroxides

Daily Analysis of Drinking H2O Given to Mice
  pH ORP
(mV)
O2 content (%) Saturation Ratio (%) Dissolved O2 (mg/dl) Temp (^C)

Tap-Water

7.5

600+

18 %

80 %

6.5

25.0

R-Water

9.0

400-

25 %

90 %

7.5

26.0

HR-Water

10.0

500-

25 %

90 %

7.5

26.5

Drinking Water on Lymphocyte Subsets

  Treatment CD4+ CD8+ Ig+

B/W

Tap-Water

29±1.7

12.7±2.7

53.5±4.8

 

R-Water

30.8±2.4

13.4±2.9

53.0±4.6

 

HR-Water

32.2±3.9

14.4±3.9

50.7±6.5

MRL/lpr

Tap-Water

23.5±0.8

13.7±1.1

32.7±3.2

 

R-Water

27.9±1.4*

16.6±1.5

29.0±3.0

*(<0.05)

HR-Water

30.7±3.7*

17.2±3.1

29.4±2.9

Effect of H2O on DNA Synthesis (CPM) in Spleen Cells of B/W Mice

  Control (Media) Anti-CD3 (T cell) LPS (B cell)

Tap-Water

13359±685

25647±5602

112752±2576

R-Water

17005±1061

26368±6571

109859±3572

HR-Water

14431±2519

32566±5939

117219±5092

h2o-histogram


antioxidant-rna-gel


mrl-survival


bw-survival


Summary:

1. Life long intake of both reduced (pH 9.0) and hyper-reduced (pH 10.0) water caused no harm to mice compared to tap water.
2. Survival is increased significantly by hyper-reduced water in one strain (MRL/lpr).
3. Slight increased life span in the other strain (NZBxNZW F1).
3. Reduced and hyper-reduced water appears to increase T cell numbers, and decrease B cells.
4. Both reduced and hyper-reduced water appears to increase antioxidant mRNA levels.
5. New clinical and animal studies are needed to confirm above results.

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